In conclusion: All programming tools above can be used for ECU read and write, but differs in ECU coverage and Read/Write . There is NO LIMITS of the car model and year when using bench to read/write data. But if you have chips and gearboxes to read and write, you should have a flash. The bad is: disassembling is required. bench doesn't cover chips and gearboxes and OBD cannot not work good for gerabox Read/Write. So, you'd better check the ECU/gearbox/chip before your purchase.Check each car list on corresponding product page. The tool is fitted with multipurpose connectors which allow to establish the connections flexibly: USB: Designed for connecting to the computer. It is to be connected when the built-in USB - UART converter is enabled; for PowerBox software update; while reprogramming Renesas CPUs;DC: Designed for powering the built-in circuit as well as the connected ECU. It is recommended to use only quality units with 12V output voltage. While reading the password, when it is impossible in the vehicle, one must note that high-voltage converters in ECUs consume rather high current at the start which can trigger protection mechanism or even result in the unit damage;J2534 (OBD-II-F): Designed for connecting the same name interface to OBD-II; DB-15: Designed for connecting to the main ECU connector. It is recommended to use 14P600KT02, 14P600KT03 cables or analogous ones; IDC-26: Designed for connecting directly to the ECU board or via the adapter to the special head. It is recommended to use 14P600KT06 cable or an analogous one for Tricore GPT. It is recommended to use Flash Development Toolkit software for flashing for Renesas CPUs.Controls: The tool has 3 switches for operating in different modes. : control. The tool has three modes of supply to the ECU: OFF allows to remove all and control signals fr IDC-26 and DB-15 connectors; MANUAL supplies to VECU and terminals and to the control outputs depending on the chosen tactics; AUTO, automatic control, in this mode is controlled by the loading program with L-Line signal (15 pin OBD-II).Plug Type:US Plug,it applies to Canada, India,Mexico, Thailand, the United States, the Philippines,Taiwan and so on.material: plasticColor as shownIt is compatible in the automatic mode with the loading programs which use:BOOT-OEM12, 12 pin OBD-II;L-LINE, 15 pin OBD-II.The Tool has built-in current limiting resistors on the following signal lines:RESET - 510 ;BOOT - 510 ;CNF1 - 220 .BOOT:Simultaneous control of BOOT, RESET and CNF1 signals (3.3V): OFF, allows to remove all control signals from DB-15 connector; MANUAL pulls RESET and BOOT to the signal minus, and CNF1 to +3.3V; AUTO, automatic control, in this mode BOOT, RESET and CNF1 signals are simultaneously controlled by the loading program (12 pin OBD-II, OEM12).Lights:LED near the 5V/3.3V switch indicates 5V or 3.3V voltage supply.VECU, LED indicates VECU and voltage supply.12V LED indicates voltage.BOOT LED indicates voltage on CNF1 output (the LED works both for input and output).Package Contents:1 x PowerBox for Flash1 x Color Wire Diagram1 x GPT Color Cable1 x Charger PlugOnly the above package content, other products are not included.Note: Light reflection and different displays may cause the color of the item in the picture a little different from the real thing. The measurement allowed error is +/- 1-3cm.